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Salk Institute for Biological Studies
The Salk Institute for Biological Studies is an independent, non-profit, scientific research institute located in La Jolla, California.〔(Salk Institute )〕 It was founded in 1960 by Jonas Salk, the developer of the polio vaccine; among the founding consultants were Jacob Bronowski and Francis Crick. Building did not start until spring of 1962. The institute consistently ranks among the top institutions in the US in terms of research output and quality in the life sciences.〔http://archive.sciencewatch.com/jan-feb2003/sw_jan-feb2003_page2.htm〕 In 2004, the Times Higher Education Supplement ranked Salk as the world's top biomedicine research institute,〔http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/hybrid.asp?typeCode=192〕 and in 2009 it was ranked number one globally by ScienceWatch in the neuroscience and behavior areas.〔http://sciencewatch.com/dr/sci/09/apr26-09_1D/〕
The institute employs 850 researchers in 60 research groups and focuses its research in three areas: Molecular Biology and Genetics; Neurosciences; and plant biology. Research topics include cancer, diabetes, birth defects, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, AIDS, and the neurobiology of American Sign Language. The March of Dimes provided the initial funding and continues to support the institute. Current research is funded by a variety of organizations, such as the NIH, the HHMI and private organizations such as Paris-based Ipsen〔http://www.fiercebiotech.com/story/ipsen-salk-institute-ink-research-pact/2008-01-11〕 and the Waitt Family Foundation. In addition, the internally administered Innovation Grants Program encourages cutting-edge high-risk research.〔http://www.salk.edu/insidesalk/article.php?id=22〕 The institute appointed genome biologist Eric Lander and stem cell biologist Irving Weissman as non-resident fellows in November 2009.〔http://www.salk.edu/news/pressrelease_details.php?press_id=395〕
The campus was designed by Louis Kahn. Salk had sought to make a beautiful campus in order to draw the best researchers in the world. Salk and Kahn having both descended from Russian Jewish parents that had immigrated to the United States had a deeper connection than just mere partners on an architectural project. The results of their connection is seen in the design that resulted from their collaboration. The original buildings of the Salk Institute were designated as a historical landmark in 1991. The entire site was deemed eligible by the California Historical Resources Commission in 2006 for listing on the National Register of Historic Places.
==Nobel laureates==
The institute has three Nobel laureates on its faculty: Elizabeth Blackburn, Sydney Brenner, and Roger Guillemin. Three of Salk's 11 Nobel laureates are now deceased: Francis Crick, Robert W. Holley, and Renato Dulbecco. Another five scientists trained at Salk have gone on to win Nobel prizes.〔()〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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